Construction Supply Chain and 3D Printing
Survey Objective

To identify the validation of challenges affecting some specific functions of construction supply chain and the benefits of 3D Printing for coping with the challenges.

3D printing or additive manufacturing is the construction of a three-dimensional object from a CAD model or a digital 3D model in a 3D printer which is an automatic manufacturing tool. It is an additive process whereby layers of materials are built up to create a 3D part at just one go. This is the opposite of subtractive manufacturing processes, where a final product is built from a larger and multiple types of materials and parts.

Construction supply chain (CSC) functions are :

Planning is drawing up plans for a new build, including materials and other specifications like the modes of transportations, decisions regarding the network players and the machine and labor capacity.

Tendering is the placement of the actual working procedure and planning by the general contractor (GC) receiving the offer to conduct the construction.

Sourcing is the process where the contractor, along with the client, have to decide on and choose the source of raw materials, fabricated parts.

Raw materials production may begin in a manufacturing facility of the chosen sources and then move to a fabricator before delivery to the job site.

Fabrication of parts is that some parts might need to be built or assembled from the raw materials or small parts before moving them to the construction site, such as windows or doors.

Installation on site is the process where materials must be on-site on time and located strategically and parts assembled and majority of machine and labor works are done.

Waste management is done after the construction work is completed and the finished building is available, where proper waste removal process and demolition of parts are done.

Hand over to Customer is when the finished structure is handed over to the ultimate customer.


Time required to Complete the Survey :

Approximately 12 minutes.

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Demographic Questions

Please select your education level from the below list :

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Please choose your present profession from the below list :

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Please select the range of work experience you have from the below list :

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Main Research Oriented Questions

“Planning” is the first function of CSC.

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Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree

“Tendering” is the next function of CSC.

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Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree

The third function of CSC is “Sourcing”.

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Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree

“Raw Materials production” is the next function of CSC.

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Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree

The fifth function of CSC is “Fabrication of parts”.

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Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree

“Installation” is the sixth function of CSC.

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Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree

“Waste management” is the seventh function of CSC.

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Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree

The final function of CSC is “Handover to customer”.

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Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
The challenge " Reduced time allotment for Planning" affects these CSC functions :
"planning",
"tendering",
"sourcing".
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Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
The challenge "Significant Waste and Pollution Production" affects these CSC functions :
"production of raw materials",
"fabrication"
"installation on site".
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Construction site is notorious for generating huge waste during the construction work and demolition.
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
The challenge " Ineffective Planning and Delays stemming from Complex Supply Chains" affects all the above mentioned CSC functions. *
Inefficient planning may be due to backdated plans which are not updated time to time and not including planning for sudden disruption like disasters and wars.
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
The challenge "Lack of Skilled Workforce" affects these CSC functions :
"fabrication",
"installation on site".
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Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
The challenge "shortage of common construction materials" affects these CSC functions :
"sourcing",
"production of raw materials".
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Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
The challenge "increased cost" affects these CSC functions :
"sourcing",
"production of raw Materials".
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Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
The challenge "Communication problem among parties in the chain" due to numerous stages and processes affects all the above mentioned CSC functions.
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Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
The challenge "Excessive Energy Consumption" affects these CSC functions :
"production of raw materials",
"fabrication",
"installation on site".
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Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
The challenge “Lack of motivation for SC Network Enhancement" affects all the above mentioned CSC functions.
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Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
The challenge "safety concerns for workers" affects these CSC functions :
"planning",
"production of raw materials",
"fabrication",
"installation on site",
"waste management".
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Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
The challenge "ongoing concern for environmental sustainability" affects these CSC functions :
"planning",
"production of raw materials",
"fabrication",
"installation on site".
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Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
The benefit “Material freedom to alleviate raw material shortage” of 3DP can help alleviate the challenges :
“shortage of common construction materials” and
“ongoing concern for environmental sustainability”.
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by using by-products of other processes and natural materials like mud, clay etc.
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
The benefit “Environmental sustainability” of 3DP can help alleviate the challenges :
“Significant Waste and Pollution Production”,
“Excessive Energy Consumption” and
“ongoing concern for environmental sustainability”.
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by less waste generation and designing environment friendly structure, using natural and by-product materials
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree
The benefit “Reduced Project Cost” of 3DP can help alleviate the challenges :
“Lack of Skilled Workforce” and
“increased cost”.
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by reducing prototyping cost, labor cost, transportation cost, damage of parts through on site printing and reducing the demand for more skilled workers as only a few can operate the 3D machine
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree

The benefit “Time efficiency” of 3DP can help alleviate the challenges :

Reduced time allotment for Planning” and

Ineffective Planning and Delays stemming from Complex Supply Chains”.

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by reducing material waiting times, using locally available raw materials to reduce material lead time, ensuring faster delivery of projects and construction process, easier reconfiguration process and spending more time in the initial stages
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree

The benefit “Energy Conservation” of 3DP can help alleviate the challenges :

Significant Waste and Pollution Production” and

“Excessive Energy Consumption”.

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by reducing global energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission, the usage of locally available materials to reduce transportation fuel and energy requirement for building insulation
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree

The benefit Streamlined supply chain” of 3DP can help alleviate the challenges :

Reduced time allotment for Planning” and

Ineffective Planning and Delays stemming from Complex Supply Chains”.

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by frequently updating plan due to the involvement of less parties in the chain and making the supply chain less complex and easier to manage through the reductions of stages and having more focus on all parties of the chain and total benefit
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree

The benefit “Tailored customization with desired aesthetics” of 3DP can help alleviate the challenges :

“Communication problem among parties in the chain”,

“safety concerns for workers” and

“ongoing concern for environmental sustainability”.

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by using functionally graded materials, applying complex geometrics to not only for aesthetics purpose
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree

The benefit “Ensuring Safety in Construction Site” of 3DP can help alleviate the challenges :

“safety concerns for workers” .

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by ensuring more safety due to the automation feature and less involvement of human body
Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree

The benefit “Customer participation in design process” of 3DP can help alleviate the challenges :

“communication problem among the parties”.

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Strongly Disagree
Strongly Agree

Do you think any other challenges apart from the mentioned ones above might be affecting CSC functions?

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